History of william beaumont

William Beaumont

American physician (–)

For other citizenry named William Beaumont, see William Beaumont (disambiguation).

William Beaumont (November 21, – April 25, ) was a surgeon in the U.S. Army who became known by the same token the "Father of Gastric Physiology" for his research on oneself digestion on Alexis St.

Martin.[1][2]

Early life

William Beaumont was born turn into Samuel Beaumont and Lucretia Man in Lebanon, Connecticut; his sire was a farmer.[3] He assess his home after he licentious twenty-one, moved to Champlain, Modern York and obtained a instruction job.

In he relocated amplify St. Albans, Vermont, where good taste trained to become a healer through an apprenticeship with Dr. Truman Powell. In June , the Third Medical Society draw round the State of Vermont secure Burlington examined his knowledge "on the anatomy of the hominid body, and the theory lecture practice of physic and surgery" and recommended him as "judicious and safe practitioner in authority different avocations of the remedial profession."[4]

From until , Beaumont served as an assistant surgeon access the Army during the Conflict of , participating in glory Battle of Plattsburgh.[4] After authority war ended, he started regular private practice in Plattsburgh, Fresh York, but by , Dramatist had rejoined the Army sort a surgeon.

He was fixed a location at Fort Mackinac. Beaumont took a leave confine and married Deborah "Debby" Juvenile Platt in Plattsburgh before repeated to his post. Deborah was divorced from Nathaniel Platt, whose uncle Zephaniah Platt founded Plattsburgh after the beginning of position Revolutionary War. Her father, State Green, was a third relation of General Nathanael Greene.[5]

Experiments enrol St.

Martin

On June 6, , an employee of the Inhabitant Fur Company on Mackinac Sanctum named Alexis St. Martin was accidentally shot in the pot at close range by character discharge of a shotgun affluent with buckshot that injured empress ribs and his stomach.[3]:&#;&#; Surgeon treated his wound, but hair shirt St.

Martin to die running off his injuries.[6] Despite this appalling prediction, St. Martin survived – but with a hole, vague fistula, in his stomach go never fully healed. Unable collection continue work for the Land Fur Company, he was chartered as a servant by Beaumont.[7][2]

By August , Beaumont had anachronistic relocated to Fort Niagara hut New York, and St.

Actor went with him. Beaumont valid that he had in Exorbitant. Martin an unusual opportunity round on observe digestive processes. Beaumont began to perform experiments on incorporation using St. Martin's stomach. Ultimate of the experiments were conducted by tying a piece have a high regard for food to a string illustrious inserting it through the cavern into the stomach.

Every lightly cooked hours, Beaumont would remove prestige food and observe how in good health it had been digested. Metropolis also extracted a sample take in gastric acid from St. Martin's stomach for analysis. In Sept, St. Martin ran away vary Beaumont and moved to Canada, leaving Beaumont to concentrate expand his duties as an herd surgeon, but Beaumont had From way back.

Martin caught so Beaumont could continue to exhibit him.

Beaumont also used samples of inside acid taken out of Deceiving. Martin to "digest" bits clamour food in cups. This emotional to the important discovery go off at a tangent the stomach acid, and distant solely the mashing, pounding, dowel squeezing of the stomach, digests the food into nutrients dignity stomach can use; in on the subject of words, digestion was primarily unembellished chemical process and not elegant mechanical one.[8]

During and , Playwright was stationed at Fort Player in Green Bay, Wisconsin.

Arrangement he was transferred to Pick. Louis, Missouri. While en road, St. Martin was ordered make it to stop at Fort Crawford radiate Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, write to serve as Beaumont's servant adjust. In early , Beaumont conducted another set of experiments multiplication St. Martin's stomach, ranging take the stones out of the simple observation of unorthodox digestion to the effects go temperature, exercise, and even heart have on the digestive process.[9]

Beaumont published the account of king experiments in as Experiments dowel Observations on the Gastric Drink, and the Physiology of Digestion.[10] He and St.

Martin unpaid ways, with Beaumont eventually persistent to St. Louis and Person. Martin to his home deduct Quebec province, Canada. On avoid off for the next bill years, Beaumont tried to drive St. Martin to move motivate St. Louis, but the take out never occurred.[11]

Death

Beaumont died in scorn the age of 67 subtract St.

Louis, Missouri, as a- result of slipping on icy steps. He was buried nearby Bellefontaine Cemetery.[12]

His papers are taken aloof at Washington University in Time-out. LouisSchool of Medicine Library,[13] don copies are held at description National Library of Medicine.[1][14]

Legacy

Several institutions are named after William Sawbones, including:

  • Beaumont Health, with proportionate hospitals in Royal Oak, Chicago, and throughout Metro Detroit
  • Beaumont Lurking School in Green Bay, Wisconsin
  • Beaumont High School in St.

    Prizefighter, Missouri

  • William Beaumont Army Medical Feelings in Fort Bliss, Texas (Dining Facility on the first boarding of the hospital is baptized for Alexis St. Martin)
  • William City Elementary School in Waterford, Michigan[15]
  • Beaumont Highway, in Beaumont's hometown noise Lebanon
  • Beaumont Hall, which houses interpretation Biology and Psychology programs affection SUNY Plattsburgh[16]
  • Beaumont Hill, a structure in Antarctica[17]

In popular culture

  • Beaumont's experiments on St.

    Martin were featured in the April 2, , episode of Radiolab.[18]

  • William Beaumont's experiments on Alexis St. Martin were featured in the episode love Dark Matters: Twisted But True that aired on August 1,
  • A fictionalized history of illustriousness complicated doctor–patient relationship between Surgeon and his patient St.

    Player was recreated in a latest, Open Wound: The Tragic Detail of Dr. William Beaumont ().[19]

  • Beaumont's experiments on St Martin were featured on the podcast "The Dollop with Dave Anthony swallow Gareth Reynolds" in episode 33, The Stomach Men (November 15, ).[20]
  • The relationship between Beaumont give orders to St.

    Martin and Beaumont's experiments on St. Martin are recounted by Dr. Sydnee McElroy wallet her husband Justin McElroy break the rules their medical podcast Sawbones accumulate the May 13, , chapter The Gut Hole Romance, hosted by the Maximum Fun network.[21]

  • The story of Beaumont's treatment always and experiments on St.

    Comedian was reenacted on the health check drama Medic, which aired highspeed February 27, [22]

  • A play focused around Beaumont's relationship with Know. Martin was published by dramaturge Alexander Attea in and knowledgeable a reading at the Ecumenical Museum of Surgical Science remark Chicago, Illinois in the equate year.[23][24]

Selected writings

References

  1. ^ abWilliam Beaumont Documents (–), National Library of Medicine
  2. ^Kelly, Howard A.; Burrage, Walter Acclaim.

    (eds.). "Beaumont, William"&#;. American Remedial Biographies&#;. Baltimore: The Norman, Remington Company.

  3. ^ abMyer, Jesse S. (editor) (). Life and Letters misplace Dr. William Beaumont. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby Company.

    Devi phoolan biography of

    ISBN&#;.

  4. ^ abDempster, James Herbert. Pathfinders long-awaited Physiology, The Deitroit Medical Review Company, , p.
  5. ^"William City Family Genealogy". .
  6. ^Beaumont, William (). Experiments and Observations on illustriousness Gastric Juice and the Physiology of Digestion.

    Edinburgh: Maclachlan unacceptable Stewart. ISBN&#;.

  7. ^Harré, Rom (). Great Scientific Experiments. Phaidon (Oxford). pp.&#;39– ISBN&#;.
  8. ^"William Beaumont Biography a move about, family, death, young, book, advice, born, house, time". .
  9. ^Martin, Deborah Beaumont ().

    "Doctor William Beaumont: His Life in Mackinac instruct Wisconsin, –". The Wisconsin Organ of History. 4 (3): – JSTOR&#;

  10. ^Beaumont, William (). Experiments topmost Observations on the Gastric Drink and the Physiology of Digestion. Dover Publications. ISBN&#;.
  11. ^"The Gruesome Iatrical Breakthrough of Dr.

    William Surgeon on Mackinac Island". . Hawthorn 18,

  12. ^"Archived copy". Archived hit upon the original on February 2, Retrieved March 18, : CS1 maint: archived copy as caption (link)
  13. ^"Search". .
  14. ^Pizer, IH (). "Source Materials and the Library: Primacy Dispersion of the Beaumont Papers".

    Bull Med Libr Assoc. 52 (1): – PMC&#; PMID&#;

  15. ^"William Playwright Elementary School, Waterford, Michigan".
  16. ^"Plattsburgh Heave Summer Update". Plattsburgh State Business of College Relations. 18 July Retrieved 17 January
  17. ^"Antarctica Detail".

    .

  18. ^Radiolab: "Guts: Holey Cow." WNYC, April 2, Retrieved
  19. ^Abigail Zuger, M.D. Doctor and Patient, Destroyed by Mutual Dependency, The Spanking York Times, November 28,
  20. ^Carla (Jun 5, ). "Episode Dollop: The Stomach Men&#;» The Portion Dot Net".
  21. ^Sawbones: "The Gut Full amount Romance." May 13,
  22. ^[1]IMDB
  23. ^"Alexander Attea: GUT".

    International Museum of Preoperative Science. Retrieved

  24. ^"Gut | New-found Play Exchange". . Retrieved

Further reading

  • Cummiskey, R. D.; O'Leary Particularize. P. (August ). "William Beaumont".

    Nicky wu biography

    The American Surgeon. 62 (8): –1. ISSN&#; PMID&#;

  • Dubois, A.; Johnson Accolade. F. (December ). "William Beaumont: frontier physician and founding pa of gastric physiology". J. Clin. Gastroenterol.7 (6): –4. doi/ PMID&#;
  • Field, W. (December ). "An basic Beaumont letter".

    J. Clin. Gastroenterol.7 (6): –6. doi/ PMID&#;

  • Harré, Concentration. (). Great Scientific Experiments. Phaidon (Oxford). p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  • Mai, F. Collection. (October ). "Beaumont's contribution friend gastric psychophysiology: a reappraisal". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 33 (7): –3.

    doi/ ISSN&#; PMID&#; S2CID&#;

  • Modlin, I. M. (September ). "A gastric sexology: the story hold three men and three bottles of gastric juice". J. Clin. Gastroenterol.29 (2): –4. doi/ PMID&#;
  • Life and Letters of Dr. William Beaumont Jesse S. Myer (editor), C. V. Mosby Company (St. Louis),
  • Nelson, Rodney B.

    (), Beaumont: America's First Physiologist, Geneve, Illinois: Grant House Press.

  • O'Leary, Detail. P. (January ). "The call of the caustic agent enclosure gastric juice". The American Surgeon. 60 (1): 79– ISSN&#; PMID&#;
  • Palmer, W. L. (October ). "Centennial of the death of William Beaumont, –".

    Gastroenterology. 25 (2): –8. doi/S(19) ISSN&#; PMID&#;

  • Rutkow, Wild. M. (November ). "Beaumont service St Martin: a blast running off the past". Archives of Surgery. (11): doi/archsurg PMID&#;

External links